For other uses, see Demolition (disambiguation). Demolition of the Old Myer Building, Perth, Western Australia. A high-reach excavator is used to demolish this tower block in northern England Demolition is the opposite of construction: the tearing-down of buildings and other structures. It contrasts with deconstruction, which is the taking down of a building while carefully preserving valuable elements for re-use. For most buildings, such as houses, that are only two or three stories high, demolition is a rather simple process. The building is pulled down either manually or mechanically using large hydraulic equipment: elevated work platforms, cranes, excavators or bulldozers. Larger buildings may require the use of a wrecking ball, a heavy weight on a cable that is swung by a crane into the side of the buildings. Wrecking balls are especially effective against masonry, but are less easily controlled and often less efficient than other methods. Newer methods may use rotational hydraulic shears and silenced rock-breakers attached to excavators to cut or break through wood, steel, and concrete. The use of shears is especially common when flame cutting would be dangerous. Building implosion Large buildings, tall chimneys, and increasingly some smaller structures may be destroyed by building implosion using explosives. Imploding a building is very fast — the collapse itself only takes seconds — and an expert can ensure that the building falls into its own footprint, so as not to damage neighboring structures. This is essential for tall structures are in dense urban areas. Any error can be disastrous, however, and some demolitions have failed, severely damaging neighboring structures. The greatest danger is from flying debris which, when improperly prepared for, can kill onlookers. Even more dangerous is the partial failure of an attempted implosion. When a building fails to collapse completely the structure may be unstable, tilting at a dangerous angle, and filled with un-detonated but still primed explosives, making it difficult for workers to approach safely. It takes several weeks to prepare a building for implosion. All items of value, such as copper wiring, are stripped from a building. Some materials must be removed, such as glass that can form deadly projectiles, and insulation that can scatter over a wide area. Selected columns are drilled and nitroglycerin and TNT are placed in the holes. Smaller columns and walls are wrapped in detonating cord. The goal is to use as little explosive as possible; only a few floors are rigged with explosives. The areas with explosive are covered in thick plastic and fencing to absorb flying debris. Far longer than the demolition itself is the clean-up of the site, as the debris is loaded into trucks and hauled away. The destruction of large buildings has become increasingly common as the massive housing projects of the 1960s and 1970s are being levelled around the world. The tallest legally demolished building was the 47-story Singer Building of New York City, which was built in 1908 and torn down sixty years later to be replaced by One Liberty Plaza. While controlled implosion is the method that the general public often thinks of when discussing demolition, it is extremely dangerous and is only used as a 'last resort' when other methods are impractical or too costly. Gallery An excavator is used to demolish a barn. With heavy equipment, demolition of a house is a two man job that can be completed in a day or two. Rotational Hydraulic shears and standard reinforced bucket attachments are common demolition tools. High Reach Demolition Excavator External links ImplosionWorld greenGoat, a non-profit 'green' demolition resource Search Term: "Demolition" Categories: Engineering | Building engineering | Explosives

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